Dr. Henry M. Crawford, an avid traveler from Ireland, was caught in St. Charles during a heavy snowstorm in 1848. Instead of returning to his home the following spring, Crawford remained in St. Charles for the next 50 years. He built this house in 1855.

Dr. Crawford played an important role during times of local health crises. For example, in 1852, an Asian cholera epidemic swept through the community of newly arrived Swedish immigrants. Dr. Crawford established a temporary health care facility in the woods north of town. Here, in the building dubbed the Swedish Cholera Hospital, Dr. Crawford and his dedicated staff saved many lives. Following this epidemic, Dr. Crawford became a great local hero.

Later, Dr. Crawford also served as a surgeon during the Civil War. He served with the 58th Illinois Regiment and saw action at Shiloh, Second Bull Run, and Fort Donelson. Upon his return to St. Charles, Dr. Crawford continued to offer medical services and became a noted physician and surgeon.